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TN211-15.DOC
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1993-08-09
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TN211_15.DOC
REMOTE SYSOP PARAMETERS (17-23)
***********************************
Parameter 17, TIME-TO-LIVE INITIALIZER
--------------------------------------
Routing paths may exist in a network that will route frames in an endless
loop. To prevent this, it's desirable to set a maximum limit on the number of
nodes a frame can be directly routed through. The time-to-live parameter
limits the number of hops that network layer frames originating from this node
will travel before being terminated. The function of this parameter is to
reduce network congestion should a connect request to a distant node get caught
in a routing loop. Connect requests directed to destination nodes beyond the
number of hops allowed, will be quietly ignored. The value selected should be
several hops longer than the longest "direct connect" in the system. A
suggested value is 12 hops.
(Range: 0-255)
Parameter 18, TRANSPORT TIMEOUT
-------------------------------
Sets the time period for acknowledgement failure prior to sending a level 4
transport layer retry. As an example, assume a user is connected hop-by-hop
through a moderately busy system to a destination node 20 hops away. With each
connect, level 4 transport information frames are exchanged between the user
and the current destination node. Every information frame requires a level 4
ack. As the circuit grows longer, so does the time for the acknowledgement to
arrive.
Should the transport timeout be set too short, there is danger of creating
excessive information frame retries and corresponding increase in circuit
congestion. Set too long, throughput could suffer while waiting for the
retry, if a frame is abandoned somewhere along the circuit. Most users such
as BBSes and TCPers, don't usually travel very far into the network. Recently
however, extensive linked DXCluster systems have been observed. Suggested
values for this type of service that should help prevent congestion are 180 -
240 seconds.
(Range: 5-600)
Parameter 19, TRANSPORT MAXIMUM TRIES
-------------------------------------
Establishes the maximum number of times the transport layer will be tried
before a circuit failure response is given. The value selected will cause the
node on the sourcing side of the failed circuit to try for a number of times
equal to the product of the values set in parameters 9 (link maximum tries) and
19 (transport maximum tries). If the number of transport tries is set high,
link congestion results. Suggested value is "2".
(Range: 2-127)
Parameter 20, TRANSPORT ACK DELAY
---------------------------------
Sets the number of seconds the end-to-end level 4 transport circuit has in
sending an acknowledgement to an information frame. If the delay is too
short, the node will key-up on every ack. If set too long, delay in throughput
could be noticeable. Finding just the "right delay" is a function of network
type(s), circuit length, circuit loading, and baud rates. These factors can
vary from user to user. Some delay is advantageous as it reduces the node's
key-up cycle by permitting transport acks to ride along with outgoing
information frames. Suggested values are from 3 - 10 seconds.
(Range: 1-60)
Parameter 21, TRANSPORT BUSY DELAY
----------------------------------
Limits the number of seconds an incoming level 4 frame shall be held if
its choke flag is set. When the circuit isn't cleared within the allocated
time, the frame is discarded. The purpose of the transport busy delay is to
act as a fail-safe timer to prevent circuit lockups. If the delay is too long,
the circuit will be slow to respond to route failures. If too short,
unnecessary L4 information frame retries may be sent causing congested circuit
conditions. The delay should be somewhat longer than the worst node-to-node
round trip time in the network. Suggested value is 180 seconds.
(Range: 1-1000)
Parameter 22, TRANSPORT WINDOW SIZE
-----------------------------------
Transport window size (TRANSPORT LAYER MAXFRAME) performs two functions.
It limits the number of non-acknowledged level 4 information frames heading
toward the destination node. It also sets a limit to the number of incoming
out-of-sequence information frames that will be temporarily buffered. If this
limit is exceeded, a circuit choke response is sent toward the sourcing node.
A small window size requires a short acknowledgement timer, parameter 20. A
larger window size would benefit from longer ack delay times by reducing the
number of overhead frames sent through the network. Therefore, too low of a
value will increase the node's key-up cycle and, a high value may impact
circuit throughput. A maximum buffer size of 4 is suggested.
(Range: 1-127)
Parameter 23, CONGESTION CONTROL THRESHOLD
------------------------------------------
The congestion control threshold also performs two functions. It limits
the number of level 2 link layer frames that will be held before issuing a
Receive Not Ready (RNR) response. It also sets the maximum number of transport
layer frames (in sequence or not) that will be accepted before sending a
circuit choke response toward the sourcing node. Too low of a value can delay
LAN throughput if the backbone is moderately busy. This buffer should be set
to agree with parameter 22. Suggested value is 4 frames.
(Range: 1-127)